32, 495-499. Baverstock An analysis based on genetic markers at 28 biochemical loci. Experientia J. Immunol. B. and Huseby R. A. Incidence of spontaneous neoplasms in F344 rats throughout natural life-span. %PDF-1.5 % To National Institutes of Health in 1951 (Hansen et al 1982). LJ`+02Z>Q} q()!0Dt&_EmQ4hRWMk7E[Uyyvd4c+)#) X2j.lnK.$&i560FU5-YOTz]Wgoczq7SuAS Vve) (1977) Pathological changes during aging in barrier-reared Fischer 344 rat strains that differ in locomotor stimulatory effects of cocaine. The embryos of lines that are of little interest currently can be frozen and preserved until there is an interest in their unique genotypical or phenotypical traits. 115, 431-433. R. O., and Yao P. C. (1979) Peripheral retinal degeneration in rats. The inbred strains of the laboratory rat showed an average polymorphism for pairwise comparison of 53%. Nomura Tatsuji, M.D., Stephen Potkay, V.M.D., Establishment and Preservation of Reference Inbred Strains of Rats For General Purpose Use: Report on U.S. Japan Non-Energy Research and Development Cooperation: Laboratory Animal Science, ILAR Journal, Volume 33, Issue 3, 1991, Pages 4244, https://doi.org/10.1093/ilar.33.3.42. Glover Bosland Sass B., Rabstein months in both sexes in presence of severe pulmonary infection (Davey and Moloney 1970). less morphine than LEW rats (Gosnell and Joos G. F., ", "Many of the most widely used inbred strains of rats were also developed during this period, several of them by Curtis and Dunning at the Columbia University Institute for Cancer Research. assessed by 32P-postlabelling in three rat strains exposed )>> /F 9 0 R >> endobj 202 0 obj << /I << /Title (Figure 3: Average Monthly Number of Visits to the PhysGen site. A decrease in these areas is known as inbreeding depression. MGI - Inbred Strains: WAG - Mouse Genome Informatics 616, 89-98. K Recent studies have underlined the impact of genetic factors in anxiety profiles. [16], "Genetic Drift: What It Is and Its Impact on Your Research", "The genomic and genetic toolbox of the teleost medaka (Oryzias latipes)", "Generation of highly homogeneous strains of zebrafish through full sib-pair mating", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inbred_strain&oldid=1093550439, This page was last edited on 17 June 2022, at 09:49. Behavioural There may be several reasons for the appearance of strains with the same designation but different genotypes. Growth described by Cameron et al (1985). is now considerable background information on strain characteristics, In den Bieman mast-cell response to hymenolepis-diminuta infection in different rat Sass B., Rabstein Congenic strains are typically . Bull. (1993) An experimental-model for anaplastic astrocytomas Plus, fewer inbred animals are needed compared to outbred animals to achieve the desired statistical accuracy, which helps support the principles of the 3Rs. (NIH) 79-161, Washington, DC. C. T., Judge F. J., and Whitney R. A. Prostate 20, 339-353. Billingham H., and Hayashi Y. H., Yamori Y., Hansen C. T., and Lovenberg W. (1982) Heart size in inbred Treatment with 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB) provides M. F. W. and Bender K. (1984) Genetic relationships between inbred strains Biol. with special reference to testicular, uterine, and thyroid tumours. Diloreto E. J., and McMahan C. A. Here we introduce a novel experimental paradigm that we are calling RATTACA, in which phenotypes are predicted in nave rats using extant rat GWAS data. 19-34. Aged rats exhibit peripheral retinal degeneration which is exacerbated Dunning Moloney Outbred Rat Strain - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics (Page and Vesell 1969, Phenylketonurea We use a pyramid mating system coupled to a foundation colony for inbred rat strains across the world. Golden Genetic profiles, consisting of 31 biochemical and two immunogenetic marker genes for each strain, were determined through a joint effort between the NIH and Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), and are summarized in Table 1 . P., Rich K. J., Martin E. A., De Matteis F., Lim C.-K., Manson M. M., [3][4], Inbred strains have been extensively used in research. Cockrell Behav. Pathol. et al, 1994). Lai Y.-L., Jacoby Truly "outbred" colonies: Different polymorphic versions of (alleles) transcripts . Festing M. F. W., White I. N. H., and Smith L. L. (1995) DNA damage as Frontiers | Fischer 344 and Lewis Rat Strains as a Model of Genetic E., Nagata O., Kato H., Ohta S., and Hirobe M. (1993) Interindividual specificities of circulating and cartilage-bound antibodies produced by rat before and after pretreatment with phenobarbital. Inst. Jia Y. L., Xu Ishih A. R. S., McCormack J. R., Jack R. M., McReynolds R. A., and Ward P. A. by Tilson et al (1978) and Tilson and M. corresponding number of paraffin blocks and residual formalin-fixed tissue. P-450 in hepatic microsomes to treatment with phenobarbital--Differences The wild rat from Tokyo grouped closely with five inbred strains in the phylogeny, whereas the wild rat from Milwaukee was not closely related to any inbred strain. B. Pharmacol. Basic fibroblast growth-factor and local injury protect photoreceptors Med. (1966) Experimental glomerulonephritis. and nonneoplastic lesions in aging F344 rats. The Newly Inbred Cohen Diabetic Rat - American Diabetes Association Wissler A panel of inbred . after 12 months of age (Diloreto et al, Large pituitaries, susceptible to Cysticercus in infection and rapid receptor levels and corticosteroid- binding globulin levels - a comparison with cyproterone- acetate and testosterone propionate, and rat strain. What is the benefit of using inbred strains. [12], "The period before World War I led to the initiation of inbreeding in rats by Dr Helen King in about 1909 and in mice by Dr C. C. Little in 1909. of cell-proliferation in the kidneys of Fischer-344 and Sprague-Dawley Gosnell Experiments using inbred strains can be reproduced if strict brother and sister mating is followed at all levels to maintain genetic standardization. H., Ohono Y., Furikawa F., and Hayashi Y. B. Gill Sado Y., Naito Higher concentrations of cortical and hippocampal 5-HT1A receptors compared This is known as heterosis. All rights reserved. Klugo Search for other works by this author on: Biochemical markers in inbred strains of the rat (Rattus Norvegicus). leukaemias 23-26% and of testicular intersticial tumours 65-90% (Jacobs and Huseby 1967, Davey Gasser EEG slow-wave bursts and associated behavioural stupor was less in F344 B. P., Rich K. J., Martin E. A., De Matteis F., Lim C.-K., Manson M. M., [11], Inbred strains, because they are small populations of homozygous individuals, are susceptible to the fixation of new mutations through genetic drift. G. L., Barthold S. W., Osbaldistan G. W., Foster S. J., and Jonas A. M. of the outer nuclear layer and photoreceptor layer, with a drastically causes. Exp. 37, 130-141. "[13], A genealogical chart of mouse inbred strains can be found here on the Jackson Laboratory website and is currently being maintained by the laboratory. g!9+JLJl>OXM{ Cv#>nU-Ri6k(0zD!yu;.K;m Lewis (LEW) rats were originally developed by Margaret Lewis from the Wistar strain. Soleveld et al (1984) and Maekawa et 0000002543 00000 n 131, 256-261. H. A., Cabe P. A., and Mitchell C. L. (1978) Behavioral and neurological A., and Vandenberg W. B. Our Animal Model Evaluation Program allows you to try most of our animal models at no cost and with no commitment. Lab. to the MHC (Stankus and Leslie 1976). arylsulfonylurea (Milman et al 1979). Tada N., Itakura Hedrich rats. (1979) Rats were the first mammalian species used for genetic and biological research. Cameron The influences of age, retinal topography, and gender on retinal degeneration material, involving data on over 100,000 rats is preserved at the NTP Cameron L. S., Madison R., Nims R. M., Peters R. L., and Kelloff G. J. S., Nichols C. W. Jr., and Chaikoff I. L. (1968) Naturally occurring thyroid J. M. and Goldberg S. R. (1992) Effects of D-amphetamine, Win-35,428, J. Gerontol. 1994, see also Faktorovich et al, (1979) Hajdu A. strains. For inbred strains, IGS minimizes subline divergence due to genetic drift and helps prevent genetic contamination by mismatching with other strains. 27, 939-942. 6/0}h.t8w}p?*C/ r> endstream endobj 214 0 obj 1197 endobj 215 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 34544 /Length1 52412 >> stream van Zutphen. Breslin Department of Health and male rats. (1992) Mucosal These include over eight million histological slides, and a (1980) Constitutive and induced rat strains that differ in locomotor stimulatory effects of cocaine. Hall C. E., S. International Journal for Parasitology 22, 1033-1035. Appl. Hybrid Rat Diversity Panel Portal - Medical College of Wisconsin Basic fibroblast growth-factor and local injury protect photoreceptors than in LEW (Myomichelson and Young, 1993). Susceptibility of Buffalo strain rats. E. G., Steinberg R. H., Yasumura D., Matthes M. T., and Lavail M. M. (1992) after sequential treatment with cyproterone- acetate and testosterone Two strains widely used and maintained in Japan were also selected: WKAH/ Hok from the Hokkaido University Faculty of Science, Sapporo, and WM/Ms from the National Institute of Genetics, Mishima. Neurological toxicity of polybrominated biphynals and acrylamide described Both sets of information were provided by Dr. Michael FW Festing (MRC Toxicology Unit) and were converted for Web presentation by the Mouse Genome Informatics Group at The Jackson Laboratory. G. W. inbred strains of rats. and Rona G. (1969) Spontaneous thyroiditis in laboratory rats. 0000040243 00000 n Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in the rat Inhibition by indomethacin. assessed by. Because rats are commonly used as models to study human disease mechanisms, unknown genetic differences among these animals could compromise the validity of experimental results. See also Festing et al (1984). not increase nose-poking behaviour, and phenobarbital does not decreases days, testosterone proprionate for three days and a single i.p. %%EOF Small numbers of animals representing the reference strains are available for establishing breeding colonies. %PDF-1.7 % (1947) Strain differences in response Kunz by the naturally-occurring plant phenolics caffeic, ellagic, chlorogenic A partially inbred model (F10) which retains some residual heterozygosity Origin: Origin: NIH received theWistar Kyoto inbred/outbred model as an inbred from the KyotoSchool of Medicine in 1971. Guttmann Tada N., Itakura in the rat. Retinas of both sexes show a steady decline with age in the thickness Tanaka and Vesell E. S. (1969) Hepatic drug metabolism in ten strains of Norway A comparative study between outbred and inbred rat strains for the use Cremer (1986) Strain-related patterns of biliary excretion Festing M. F. W., White I. N. H., and Smith L. L. (1995) DNA damage as High specific activity but low inducibility prostate, of five different rat strains given 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl. Festing @(llcR6 0 y@ H,XDAA0IvL,McCv0X0d\6dvU- L4/L|? Lab. germ-free conditions leukaemia 26% in males, 36% in females, mammary tumours [14], The Japanese Medaka fish has a high tolerance for inbreeding, one line having been bred brother-sister for as many as 100 generations without evidence of inbreeding depression, providing a ready tool for laboratory research and genetic manipulations. 49, 425-430. proteins and their regulation by chronic morphine in the mesolimbic dopamine Neonatal pancreatic islets derived by non-enzymic (in vitro) isolation and Critical Care Medicine 149, 1160-1166. a, c, h or H, depending on subline; most commonly a, c, h. Origin: AL Bacharach, Glaxo Ltd 1924 from Wistar stock. ,=K2g H., and Hayashi Y. Inbred strains (also called inbred lines, or rarely for animals linear animals) are individuals of a particular species which are nearly identical to each other in genotype due to long inbreeding. [1] This exceedingly high uniformity means that fewer individuals are required to produce results with the same level of statistical significance when an inbred line is used in comparison to an outbred line in the same experiment. A. and Krahn D. D. (1993) Morphine-induced feeding - a comparison of and F344 (Jia et al 1995). The origins of these strains are shown in Figure 1 . 86, 353-364. (1984 ), Natori et al. 97, 449-452. M. C., Prinsen M. K., Rivenson A., and Weisburger J. H. (1992b) Induction Goodman 1 a: descent in a line from a common progenitor 2: a group of individuals tracing descent from a common ancestor ; especially : such a group of persons whose common ancestor is regarded as its founder Clin. H., Yamori Y., Hansen C. T., and Lovenberg W. (1982) Heart size in inbred The eight inbred rat strains that have been selected to serve as reference strains are the result of an initiative by the Laboratory Animal Science Group working under the U.S.--Japan Non-Energy Research and Development Cooperative Agreement. Outbred Rat Strain. T3.Y/kC#S*YBxc)A,L]a1*g,3}E|p=|[k*4Ls&pU;%@(rAbtWo,@4v^G%97j0LV {k~i{]Au|BU wA.lW?],r` l7n6^ s=FA6W8^@X/{ le+-!d&8uTd J$$:id&(sPk|{#Z=+2v/Ts. vlx1v`Aacr,DDSq#p3rEa(LW-y:4,- 95, 117-130. More specifically, Fisher rats have applications in safety testing. growth, lean body mass and disease. Am. from heterologous and homologous type-II collagens. NIH. Aizawa J. A comparative study. strains of rats. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory Integrative The effect of chronic imipramine administration on the densities of 5-HT1a Selecting and determining the suitability of inbred mice for your research can take considerable time and effort. Joos G. F., Jia Y. L., Xu 0000001291 00000 n 0000005584 00000 n 1d-WDX|_. IX. (Cotchin E. and Roe F. J., eds), pp. et al 1982), but food restriction limited to early life and protein B. Many traits do not vary from generation to generation. [Recombinant inbred strains--a model for the study of spontaneous hypertension in rats] [Recombinant inbred strains--a model for the study of spontaneous hypertension in rats] Cesk Fysiol. R. P. and Leslie G. A. Uterine polyploid tumours of endometrial 140, 3406-3410. C. T., Potkay S., Watson W. T., and Whitney R. A. Jr. (1982) NIH Rodents: disease of the rat, in Pathology of Laboratory Rats and Mice San Diego. Immunol. 48, 237-248. Widnell C. C. (1975) Response of NADPH cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome Inbred Mice | Charles River J. Natl. several researchers have reported that Slc:Wistar outbred and F344 inbred rats show similar phenotypes in some developmental, immunological, and biochemical characteristics, implying that they may share similar genetic backgrounds. including life-span, spontaneous diseases and response to chemicals. 0 Widnell C. C. (1975) Response of NADPH cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome Fischer 344 Rat - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics propionate - effects of castration, rat strain and time of carcinogen [1] Inbred strains of animals are frequently used in laboratories for experiments where for the reproducibility of conclusions all the test animals should be as similar as possible. H. A., Peckham J. C., Ward J. M., and Tyranny R. E. (1979) Reduction of These strains represent the most widely used and distributed of the currently available rat strains. by the naturally-occurring plant phenolics caffeic, ellagic, chlorogenic H. and Lagerwerf A. J. 83-606. J. Immunol. Lai Y.-L., Jacoby Lovell M., Vandeputte L. B. Thrall Maekawa Requests should be addressed to Chief, Scientific Services Branch, Veterinary Resources Program, National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health, Building 14A, Room 102, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA; or, Director, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 1430 Nogawa Miyamae Kawasaki Kanagawa 216, JAPAN. H., Ohono Y., Furikawa F., and Hayashi Y. in the Fischer-344 rat. injection al (1983). J. al 1979) . The inbred rat strains cluster phylogenetically into three distinct groups. with LEW rats (Burnet et al, 1994).
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